A particular book, thesis or journal

• In basic search the default is all materials. If you first choose Books or Journals in the drop-down menu, the search result will be more accurate. Either Finnish or English can be used as search language.
• When you start writing the book or journal title in the search box, the system begins to offer you alternatives among which you may almost at once find those you are looking for. Then choose the title from the list:

• If the title you are looking for is not offered automatically, write the full name of the book or journal: modern music and after or use * (asterisk) to truncate the search word cybersecurit*. Enclosing the title in quotation marks, e.g. "consumer behaviour", usually returns a more accurate search result.
• Clicking on the title you will be taken from the search results to the actual book or journal record. The location, availability, and the option for checking whether the book can be reserved are shown at the bottom of the screen.

Author

Basic search

• Write the author’s name in the search form. Enclosing the name in quotation marks, "philip kotler" or "kotler philip", usually gives a more accurate search result, as does choosing the material type, e.g. Books.
• If you only know the author’s surname, we recommend you to combine it with any word in the book title. You will perform a more accurate search by enclosing both the author and the word in quotation marks: "weele" "supply".

• You can refine your search results using filters in Narrow search on the right-hand navigation pane and rearranging them in Sort drop-down menu.

Advanced search

In advanced search you can narrow down your search choosing author field: "kotler philip"

In advanced search you can also combine the author search with words describing your topic.

Refine search results with Narrow search filters.

Sort search results in Sort drop-down menu.

Subject search

Basic search

• In basic search the default is in all materials. In materials drop-down menu you can choose to narrow down your search e.g. to theses only
• Enter words that describe your topic in the search form.
• When you want to search for an exact word, enclose it in quotes: "neuropsychology".
• If you use multiple search words in a row, eg. market* faceboo*, the system combines them automatically with Boolean operator AND. This returns a list of references beginning with those that include all the words you searched for. To truncate search words use truncation mark * (asterisk).

• Refine search results with Narrow search filters on the right-hand navigation pane.
• Rearrange search results in Sort drop-down menu.

Advanced search

• Advanced search searches in all materials.
• Enter words that describe your topic in the search box. All fields search will search for occurrences in all the words anywhere in the documents. With the Fields drop-down menu you can narrow down your search so that the words are only searched e.g. in the title or topic of a book or thesis.
• To search for an exact word, put it in quotes: "neuropsychology".
• You can combine search words with Boolean operators to form phrases:

• When there is an OR operator between search terms, either or both of them may appear in the search result, whereas words or phrases in separate search rows will be combined with AND operator. In this search example, then, references would be returned where either climate warming or climate change is always combined with Finland.
• Refine search results with Narrow search filters on the right-hand navigation.
• Rearrange search results in Sort drop-down menu.

Subject-specific databases

You can do subject-specific searches in Janet using PCI search, when you need a limited number of articles. Systematic and specific searches on particular disciplines should preferably be made in discipline-wise databases. They offer subject-specific help such as vocabularies and thesauri, age groups (e.g. infancy, aged), methodology (e.g. field study, interview), defining material type (e.g. review), etc.

When you know the database name, e.g. ERIC or Emerald, search for it and choose Databases from the drop-down menu.

Video Instructions

Video instructions for using Janet.

Wildcard Searches

To perform a single character wildcard search use the ? symbol.

For example, to search for "text" or "test" you can use the search:

te?t

To perform a multiple character, 0 or more, wildcard search use the * symbol.

For example, to search for test, tests or tester, you can use the search:

test*

You can also use the wildcard searches in the middle of a term.

te*t

Note: You cannot use a * or ? symbol as the first character of a search.

Fuzzy Searches

Use the tilde ~ symbol at the end of a Single word Term. For example to search for a term similar in spelling to "roam" use the fuzzy search:

roam~

This search will find terms like foam and roams.

An additional parameter can specify the required similarity. The value is between 0 and 1, with a value closer to 1 only terms with a higher similarity will be matched. For example:

roam~0.8

The default that is used if the parameter is not given is 0.5.

Proximity Searches

Use the tilde ~ symbol at the end of a Multiple word Term. For example, to search for economics and keynes that are within 10 words apart:

"economics Keynes"~10

Range Searches

To perform a range search you can use either the { } or the [ ] characters. The { } characters are exclusive and the [ ] characters are inclusive of the upper and lower bounds. For example to search for a term that starts with either B, or C:

{A TO D}

The searches can be done with numeric fields such as the Year:

[2002 TO 2003]

Boosting a Term

To apply more value to a term, you can use the ^ character. For example, you can try the following search:

economics Keynes^5

Which will give more value to the term "Keynes"

Boolean Operators

Boolean operators allow terms to be combined with logic operators. The following operators are allowed: AND, +, OR, NOT and -.

Note: Boolean operators must be ALL CAPS

AND

The AND operator is the default conjunction operator. This means that if there is no Boolean operator between two terms, the AND operator is used. The AND operator matches records where both terms exist anywhere in the field of a record.

To search for records that contain "economics" and "Keynes" use the query:

economics Keynes

or

economics AND Keynes

+

The "+" or required operator requires that the term after the "+" symbol exist somewhere in the field of a record.

To search for records that must contain "economics" and may contain "Keynes" use the query:

+economics Keynes

OR

The OR operator links two terms and finds a matching record if either of the terms exist in a record.

To search for documents that contain either "economics Keynes" or just "Keynes" use the query:

"economics Keynes" OR Keynes

Hyphen (-)

The hyphen (-) excludes records that contain the term following the hyphen.

To search for documents that contain "economics" but not "Keynes" use the query:

economics -Keynes

Note: The hyphen cannot be used with just one term. For example, the following search will return no results:

-economics

Note: If the term begins with the hyphen, it can be included by using the backslash (\). For example: to search the book Da Vinci -koodi (in Finnish) use the query:

Da Vinci \-koodi

Note: The NOT operator can be used similarly with the hyphen. However, the NOT operator returns more results, some of which may contain the term following NOT.

Phrase searches

Search term or terms enclosed in quotation marks will be used literally.

To search for records containing the exact phrase "ancient history" and not e.g. "history in the ancient times":

"ancient history"

Also single words can be enclosed in quotation marks to use the term literally, ignoring different conjugations.

Advanced Searching Tips

Search Fields

When you first visit the Advanced Search page, you are presented with several search fields. In each field, you can type the keywords you want to search for. Search operators are allowed.

Each field is accompanied by a drop-down that lets you specify the type of data (title, author, etc.) you are searching for. You can mix and match search types however you like.

The "Match" setting lets you specify how multiple search fields should be handled.

• ALL Terms - Return only records that match every search field.
• ANY Terms - Return any records that match at least one search field.
• NO Terms -- Return all records EXCEPT those that match search fields.

The "Add Search Field" button may be used to add additional search fields to the form. You may use as many search fields as you wish.

Search Groups

For certain complex searches, a single set of search fields may not be enough. For example, suppose you want to find books about the history of China or India. If you did an ALL Terms search for China, India, and History, you would only get books about China AND India. If you did an ANY Terms search, you would get books about history that had nothing to do with China or India.

Search Groups provide a way to build searches from multiple groups of search fields. Every time you click the "Add Search Group" button, a new group of fields is added. Once you have multiple search groups, you can remove unwanted groups with the "Remove Search Group" button, and you can specify whether you want to match on ANY or ALL search groups.

In the history of China or India example described above, you could solve the problem using search groups like this:

• In the first search group, enter "India" and "China" and make sure that the "Match" setting is "ANY Terms."
• Add a second search group and enter "history."
• Make sure the match setting next to the Search Groups header is set to "ALL Groups."